U.S. inflation · 1929–1981
$100 in 1929 has the same buying power as
$532
in 1981
| Cumulative price change | 431.6% |
|---|---|
| Average inflation rate | 3.27% per year |
| Converted amount ($100 base) | $532 |
| Price difference ($100 base) | $432 |
| CPI in 1929 | 17.1 |
| CPI in 1981 | 90.9 |
| Inflation in 1929 | 0.00% |
| Inflation in 1981 | 10.32% |
| $100 in 1929 → 1981 | $532 |
| $100 in 1981 → 1929 | $18.81 |
Between 1929 and 1981, the Consumer Price Index went from 17.1 to 90.9. Cumulatively, prices increased 431.6%, which works out to an average of 3.27% per year. Put differently, a dollar in 1929 bought what $0.19 buys in 1981.
| Amount in 1929 | Value in 1981 |
|---|---|
| $1.00 | $5.32 |
| $5.00 | $26.58 |
| $10.00 | $53.16 |
| $20.00 | $106 |
| $50.00 | $266 |
| $100 | $532 |
| $500 | $2,658 |
| $1,000 | $5,316 |
| $5,000 | $26,579 |
| $10,000 | $53,158 |
| $100,000 | $531,579 |
| $1,000,000 | $5,315,789 |
The headline number is an average. Individual categories moved very differently over this period. Here is what $100 of 1929 spending costs in 1981, by category:
| Category | Avg. yearly inflation | $100 in 1929 → |
|---|---|---|
| All items (CPI-U) | 3.27% | $532 |
| Food | 3.39% | $567 |
| Apparel | 2.63% | $386 |
Not shown because the BLS began these indexes after 1929: core (all items less food & energy) (1957–), energy (1957–), housing (1967–), medical care (1935–), transportation (1935–), recreation (1993–), education & communication (1993–).
| Year | CPI | Inflation rate | $100 from 1929 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1929 | 17.1 | 0.0% | $100 |
| 1931 | 15.2 | -9.0% | $88.89 |
| 1933 | 13 | -5.1% | $76.02 |
| 1935 | 13.7 | 2.2% | $80.12 |
| 1937 | 14.4 | 3.6% | $84.21 |
| 1939 | 13.9 | -1.4% | $81.29 |
| 1941 | 14.7 | 5.0% | $85.96 |
| 1943 | 17.3 | 6.1% | $101 |
| 1945 | 18 | 2.3% | $105 |
| 1947 | 22.3 | 14.4% | $130 |
| 1949 | 23.8 | -1.2% | $139 |
| 1951 | 26 | 7.9% | $152 |
| 1953 | 26.7 | 0.8% | $156 |
| 1955 | 26.8 | -0.4% | $157 |
| 1957 | 28.1 | 3.3% | $164 |
| 1959 | 29.1 | 0.7% | $170 |
| 1961 | 29.9 | 1.0% | $175 |
| 1963 | 30.6 | 1.3% | $179 |
| 1965 | 31.5 | 1.6% | $184 |
| 1967 | 33.4 | 3.1% | $195 |
| 1969 | 36.7 | 5.5% | $215 |
| 1971 | 40.5 | 4.4% | $237 |
| 1973 | 44.4 | 6.2% | $260 |
| 1975 | 53.8 | 9.1% | $315 |
| 1977 | 60.6 | 6.5% | $354 |
| 1979 | 72.6 | 11.3% | $425 |
| 1981 | 90.9 | 10.3% | $532 |
Long periods are sampled every 2 years; the calculator above covers any pair of years.
1981 was the year the inflation fever finally broke, at an extraordinary price. Consumer prices rose 10.3%, the second year of back-to-back double-digit inflation and the last time the U.S. would see one. To end it, Paul Volcker’s Federal Reserve drove its policy rate above 19% and let borrowing costs go where they may: a 30-year mortgage cost more than 18% by autumn, car loans and business credit froze, and homebuilders mailed the Fed two-by-fours in protest. The squeeze tipped the economy into recession in July, the deep 1981–82 downturn that would push unemployment past 10%. But it worked. Inflation fell by nearly half within a year and to under 4% by 1983, the disinflation that defined the following two decades. Even the price of mailing a letter told the year’s story: postage went up twice in eight months.
MLA: “Inflation from 1929 to 1981: $100 is worth $532 today.” InflationCalculator.com, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics CPI-U data, https://inflationcalculator.com/inflation/1929-to-1981/
APA: InflationCalculator.com. Inflation from 1929 to 1981. Based on U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics CPI-U data. Retrieved from https://inflationcalculator.com/inflation/1929-to-1981/
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, CPI-U annual averages (series CUUR0000SA0; category indexes listed on the data sources page). See how these numbers are calculated.