U.S. inflation · 1954–1981
$100 in 1954 has the same buying power as
$338
in 1981
| Cumulative price change | 237.9% |
|---|---|
| Average inflation rate | 4.61% per year |
| Converted amount ($100 base) | $338 |
| Price difference ($100 base) | $238 |
| CPI in 1954 | 26.9 |
| CPI in 1981 | 90.9 |
| Inflation in 1954 | 0.75% |
| Inflation in 1981 | 10.32% |
| $100 in 1954 → 1981 | $338 |
| $100 in 1981 → 1954 | $29.59 |
Between 1954 and 1981, the Consumer Price Index went from 26.9 to 90.9. Cumulatively, prices increased 237.9%, which works out to an average of 4.61% per year. Put differently, a dollar in 1954 bought what $0.30 buys in 1981.
| Amount in 1954 | Value in 1981 |
|---|---|
| $1.00 | $3.38 |
| $5.00 | $16.90 |
| $10.00 | $33.79 |
| $20.00 | $67.58 |
| $50.00 | $169 |
| $100 | $338 |
| $500 | $1,690 |
| $1,000 | $3,379 |
| $5,000 | $16,896 |
| $10,000 | $33,792 |
| $100,000 | $337,918 |
| $1,000,000 | $3,379,182 |
The headline number is an average. Individual categories moved very differently over this period. Here is what $100 of 1954 spending costs in 1981, by category:
| Category | Avg. yearly inflation | $100 in 1954 → |
|---|---|---|
| All items (CPI-U) | 4.61% | $338 |
| Medical care | 5.86% | $466 |
| Transportation | 4.83% | $357 |
| Food | 4.54% | $332 |
| Apparel | 2.98% | $221 |
Not shown because the BLS began these indexes after 1954: core (all items less food & energy) (1957–), energy (1957–), housing (1967–), recreation (1993–), education & communication (1993–).
| Year | CPI | Inflation rate | $100 from 1954 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1954 | 26.9 | 0.7% | $100 |
| 1955 | 26.8 | -0.4% | $99.63 |
| 1956 | 27.2 | 1.5% | $101 |
| 1957 | 28.1 | 3.3% | $104 |
| 1958 | 28.9 | 2.8% | $107 |
| 1959 | 29.1 | 0.7% | $108 |
| 1960 | 29.6 | 1.7% | $110 |
| 1961 | 29.9 | 1.0% | $111 |
| 1962 | 30.2 | 1.0% | $112 |
| 1963 | 30.6 | 1.3% | $114 |
| 1964 | 31 | 1.3% | $115 |
| 1965 | 31.5 | 1.6% | $117 |
| 1966 | 32.4 | 2.9% | $120 |
| 1967 | 33.4 | 3.1% | $124 |
| 1968 | 34.8 | 4.2% | $129 |
| 1969 | 36.7 | 5.5% | $136 |
| 1970 | 38.8 | 5.7% | $144 |
| 1971 | 40.5 | 4.4% | $151 |
| 1972 | 41.8 | 3.2% | $155 |
| 1973 | 44.4 | 6.2% | $165 |
| 1974 | 49.3 | 11.0% | $183 |
| 1975 | 53.8 | 9.1% | $200 |
| 1976 | 56.9 | 5.8% | $212 |
| 1977 | 60.6 | 6.5% | $225 |
| 1978 | 65.2 | 7.6% | $242 |
| 1979 | 72.6 | 11.3% | $270 |
| 1980 | 82.4 | 13.5% | $306 |
| 1981 | 90.9 | 10.3% | $338 |
1981 was the year the inflation fever finally broke, at an extraordinary price. Consumer prices rose 10.3%, the second year of back-to-back double-digit inflation and the last time the U.S. would see one. To end it, Paul Volcker’s Federal Reserve drove its policy rate above 19% and let borrowing costs go where they may: a 30-year mortgage cost more than 18% by autumn, car loans and business credit froze, and homebuilders mailed the Fed two-by-fours in protest. The squeeze tipped the economy into recession in July, the deep 1981–82 downturn that would push unemployment past 10%. But it worked. Inflation fell by nearly half within a year and to under 4% by 1983, the disinflation that defined the following two decades. Even the price of mailing a letter told the year’s story: postage went up twice in eight months.
MLA: “Inflation from 1954 to 1981: $100 is worth $338 today.” InflationCalculator.com, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics CPI-U data, https://inflationcalculator.com/inflation/1954-to-1981/
APA: InflationCalculator.com. Inflation from 1954 to 1981. Based on U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics CPI-U data. Retrieved from https://inflationcalculator.com/inflation/1954-to-1981/
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, CPI-U annual averages (series CUUR0000SA0; category indexes listed on the data sources page). See how these numbers are calculated.